学校订餐菜单生成器：Django+DRF 后端与 React 前端，支持 A/B 双套营养周菜单生成、部分自选、拼音搜索、营养校准、Excel 导出
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import random
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from datetime import date, timedelta
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from django.http import HttpResponse
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from openpyxl import Workbook
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from openpyxl.styles import Alignment, Border, Font, PatternFill, Side
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from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
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from rest_framework import status, viewsets
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from rest_framework.decorators import api_view, permission_classes
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from rest_framework.permissions import IsAdminUser
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from rest_framework.response import Response
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from .models import Dish
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from .serializers import DishSerializer
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WEEKDAYS = ['周一', '周二', '周三', '周四', '周五']
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SCHOOL_NAME = '上海外国语大学附属宝山双语学校'
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COLOR_HEADER = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='2F5597')
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COLOR_DAY = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='D9E2F3')
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COLOR_MEAT = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='FCE4D6')
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COLOR_VEG = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='E2EFDA')
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COLOR_STAPLE = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='FDE9D9')
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COLOR_SOUP = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='DDEBF7')
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THIN = Side(style='thin', color='808080')
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BORDER = Border(left=THIN, right=THIN, top=THIN, bottom=THIN)
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CENTER = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center', wrap_text=True)
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class DishViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
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queryset = Dish.objects.all()
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serializer_class = DishSerializer
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def get_queryset(self):
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qs = Dish.objects.all()
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dish_type = self.request.query_params.get('type')
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if dish_type:
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qs = qs.filter(dish_type=dish_type)
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return qs
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TYPE_LABEL_MAP = {'荤菜': 'meat', '素菜': 'veg', '汤': 'soup', '主食': 'staple'}
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@api_view(['POST'])
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@permission_classes([IsAdminUser])
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def bulk_create_dishes(request):
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items = request.data.get('dishes')
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if not isinstance(items, list) or not items:
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return Response({'detail': '请提供 dishes 列表'}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
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created, skipped = [], []
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for raw in items:
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if not isinstance(raw, dict):
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continue
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name = str(raw.get('name', '')).strip()
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dish_type = str(raw.get('dish_type', '')).strip()
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dish_type = TYPE_LABEL_MAP.get(dish_type, dish_type)
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if not name or dish_type not in ('meat', 'veg', 'soup', 'staple'):
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skipped.append(name or '未命名')
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continue
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defaults = {
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'dish_type': dish_type,
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'cuisine': str(raw.get('cuisine', '家常菜') or '家常菜'),
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'ingredient_detail': str(raw.get('ingredient_detail', '') or raw.get('ingredient', '')),
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'protein': float(raw.get('protein', 0) or 0),
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'fat': float(raw.get('fat', 0) or 0),
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'calorie': int(raw.get('calorie', 0) or 0),
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'is_active': bool(raw.get('is_active', True)),
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}
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dish, was_created = Dish.objects.update_or_create(name=name, defaults=defaults)
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(created if was_created else skipped).append(name)
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return Response({
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'detail': f'新增 {len(created)} 道，更新/跳过 {len(skipped)} 道',
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'created': created,
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'skipped': skipped,
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})
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def _pick_unique(pool, count):
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picked = random.sample(pool, min(count, len(pool)))
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remaining = [d for d in pool if d not in picked]
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return picked, remaining
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def _pop_next(pool, shuffle_src):
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if not pool:
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random.shuffle(shuffle_src)
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pool = shuffle_src[:]
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return pool.pop(0), pool
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def _serialize_dish(d):
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return {
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'id': d.id, 'name': d.name, 'ingredient': d.ingredient_detail, 'dish_type': d.dish_type,
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'cuisine': d.cuisine, 'protein': float(d.protein), 'fat': float(d.fat), 'calorie': d.calorie,
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}
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def _generate_partial_week(payload, meats, vegs, soups, staples, menu_key):
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pools = {'meat': meats[:], 'veg': vegs[:], 'soup': soups[:], 'staple': staples[:]}
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src_pools = {'meat': meats, 'veg': vegs, 'soup': soups, 'staple': staples}
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for p in pools.values():
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random.shuffle(p)
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day_selected = {}
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for s in payload.get('selections') or []:
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if s.get('menu', 'a') != menu_key:
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continue
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day = s.get('day')
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slot = s.get('slot')
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if day not in WEEKDAYS or slot not in ('meats', 'vegs', 'soup', 'staple'):
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continue
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dish = Dish.objects.filter(pk=s.get('dish_id'), is_active=True).first() if s.get('dish_id') else None
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if not dish:
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continue
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key = f'{slot}{s.get("idx", 0)}' if slot in ('meats', 'vegs') else slot
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day_selected.setdefault(day, {})[key] = dish
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def fill(dish_type, used_ids):
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pool = pools[dish_type]
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while pool:
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d = pool.pop(0)
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if d.id not in used_ids:
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return d
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random.shuffle(src_pools[dish_type])
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pool = pools[dish_type] = src_pools[dish_type][:]
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while pool:
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d = pool.pop(0)
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if d.id not in used_ids:
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return d
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return None
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week = []
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for day in WEEKDAYS:
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sel = day_selected.get(day, {})
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used_ids = {d.id for d in sel.values()}
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m0 = sel.get('meats0') or fill('meat', used_ids)
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m1 = sel.get('meats1') or fill('meat', used_ids)
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v0 = sel.get('vegs0') or fill('veg', used_ids)
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v1 = sel.get('vegs1') or fill('veg', used_ids)
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soup = sel.get('soup') or fill('soup', used_ids)
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staple = sel.get('staple') or fill('staple', used_ids)
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week.append({
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'day': day,
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'meats': [_serialize_dish(d) for d in (m0, m1) if d],
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'vegs': [_serialize_dish(d) for d in (v0, v1) if d],
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'soup': _serialize_dish(soup) if soup else None,
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'staple': _serialize_dish(staple) if staple else None,
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})
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return week
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def generate_week_menu(payload, menu_key='a'):
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auto_all = payload.get('auto_all', True)
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veg_per_day = 2 # 每天固定 2 个素菜
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with_soup = bool(payload.get('with_soup', True))
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with_staple = bool(payload.get('with_staple', True))
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selected_ids = payload.get('selected_meat_ids', [])
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meats = list(Dish.objects.filter(dish_type='meat', is_active=True))
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vegs = list(Dish.objects.filter(dish_type='veg', is_active=True))
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soups = list(Dish.objects.filter(dish_type='soup', is_active=True))
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staples = list(Dish.objects.filter(dish_type='staple', is_active=True))
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if payload.get('partial') or payload.get('selections'):
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return _generate_partial_week(payload, meats, vegs, soups, staples, menu_key)
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random.shuffle(vegs)
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veg_pool = vegs[:]
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random.shuffle(soups)
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soup_pool = soups[:]
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random.shuffle(staples)
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staple_pool = staples[:]
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random.shuffle(meats)
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meat_pool = meats[:]
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if auto_all:
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day_meats = None
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else:
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selected = Dish.objects.filter(id__in=selected_ids, dish_type='meat')
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day_meats = list(selected) + [d for d in meats if d not in selected]
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day_meats = day_meats[:2]
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week = []
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for day in WEEKDAYS:
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if auto_all:
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day_meat_list = []
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for _ in range(2):
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item, meat_pool = _pop_next(meat_pool, meats)
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day_meat_list.append(item)
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else:
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day_meat_list = day_meats[:] if day_meats else []
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if len(day_meat_list) < 2:
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extra, _ = _pick_unique([d for d in meats if d not in day_meat_list], 2 - len(day_meat_list))
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day_meat_list += extra
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day_veg = []
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for _ in range(veg_per_day):
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item, veg_pool = _pop_next(veg_pool, vegs)
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day_veg.append(item)
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soup = None
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if with_soup and soup_pool:
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soup, soup_pool = _pop_next(soup_pool, soups)
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staple = None
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if with_staple and staple_pool:
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staple, staple_pool = _pop_next(staple_pool, staples)
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week.append({
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'day': day,
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'meats': [{'id': d.id, 'name': d.name, 'ingredient': d.ingredient_detail, 'dish_type': d.dish_type, 'cuisine': d.cuisine,
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'protein': float(d.protein), 'fat': float(d.fat), 'calorie': d.calorie} for d in day_meat_list],
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'vegs': [{'id': d.id, 'name': d.name, 'ingredient': d.ingredient_detail, 'dish_type': d.dish_type, 'cuisine': d.cuisine,
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'protein': float(d.protein), 'fat': float(d.fat), 'calorie': d.calorie} for d in day_veg],
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'soup': {'id': soup.id, 'name': soup.name, 'ingredient': soup.ingredient_detail, 'dish_type': soup.dish_type, 'cuisine': soup.cuisine,
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'protein': float(soup.protein), 'fat': float(soup.fat), 'calorie': soup.calorie} if soup else None,
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'staple': {'id': staple.id, 'name': staple.name, 'ingredient': staple.ingredient_detail, 'dish_type': staple.dish_type, 'cuisine': staple.cuisine,
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'protein': float(staple.protein), 'fat': float(staple.fat), 'calorie': staple.calorie} if staple else None,
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})
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return week
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def build_menu_title(label):
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today = date.today()
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week_no = today.isocalendar().week
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monday = today - timedelta(days=today.weekday())
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friday = monday + timedelta(days=4)
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date_range = f'{monday.month}.{monday.day}--{friday.month}.{friday.day}'
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return f'{SCHOOL_NAME}[第{week_no}周]{date_range}营养{label}菜单'
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@api_view(['POST'])
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def generate_menu(request):
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menus = {}
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for label in ('A', 'B'):
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key = label.lower()
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menus[key] = {
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'title': build_menu_title(label),
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'week': generate_week_menu(request.data, menu_key=key),
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}
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return Response(menus)
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def compute_daily_nutrition(week):
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proteins, fats, calories = [], [], []
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for day_menu in week:
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items = list(day_menu['meats']) + list(day_menu['vegs'])
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if day_menu.get('soup'):
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items.append(day_menu['soup'])
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if day_menu.get('staple'):
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items.append(day_menu['staple'])
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proteins.append(round(sum(x.get('protein', 0) or 0 for x in items), 1))
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fats.append(round(sum(x.get('fat', 0) or 0 for x in items), 1))
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calories.append(sum(x.get('calorie', 0) or 0 for x in items))
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return min(proteins), max(fats), min(calories)
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def nutrition_text(week):
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min_p, max_f, min_c = compute_daily_nutrition(week)
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return f'营养分析：蛋白质≥{min_p}g 脂肪≤{max_f}g 热量≥{min_c}kcal'
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def build_week_sheet(ws, week, title, start_col=1):
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headers = ['菜式', '主食', '荤菜', '素菜', '营养汤']
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n_cols = len(headers)
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off = start_col - 1
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nutrition = nutrition_text(week)
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ws.merge_cells(start_row=1, start_column=start_col, end_row=1, end_column=start_col + n_cols - 1)
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cell = ws.cell(row=1, column=start_col, value=title)
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cell.font = Font(size=16, bold=True)
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cell.alignment = CENTER
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ws.row_dimensions[1].height = 36
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for col, name in enumerate(headers, start=1):
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c = ws.cell(row=2, column=col + off, value=name)
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c.font = Font(bold=True, color='FFFFFF')
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c.fill = COLOR_HEADER
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c.alignment = CENTER
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c.border = BORDER
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ws.row_dimensions[2].height = 26
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def dish_lines(items):
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lines = []
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for d in items:
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line = d['name']
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if d.get('ingredient'):
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line += f'\n（{d["ingredient"]}）'
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lines.append(line)
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return '\n'.join(lines)
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for r, day_menu in enumerate(week, start=3):
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values = [day_menu['day']]
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values.append(dish_lines([day_menu['staple']]) if day_menu.get('staple') else '')
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values.append(dish_lines(day_menu['meats']))
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values.append(dish_lines(day_menu['vegs']))
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values.append(dish_lines([day_menu['soup']]) if day_menu.get('soup') else '')
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for col, val in enumerate(values, start=1):
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c = ws.cell(row=r, column=col + off, value=val)
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c.border = BORDER
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if col == 1:
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c.alignment = CENTER
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c.fill = COLOR_DAY
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c.font = Font(bold=True)
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elif col == 2:
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c.fill = COLOR_STAPLE
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elif col == 3:
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c.fill = COLOR_MEAT
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elif col == 4:
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c.fill = COLOR_VEG
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else:
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c.fill = COLOR_SOUP
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if col > 1:
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c.alignment = Alignment(vertical='top', horizontal='center', wrap_text=True)
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ws.row_dimensions[r].height = 84
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nut_row = len(week) + 3
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ws.merge_cells(start_row=nut_row, start_column=start_col, end_row=nut_row, end_column=start_col + n_cols - 1)
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nc = ws.cell(row=nut_row, column=start_col, value=nutrition)
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nc.font = Font(bold=True, size=11)
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nc.alignment = CENTER
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nc.fill = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='FFF2CC')
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for col in range(off + 1, off + n_cols + 1):
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ws.cell(row=nut_row, column=col).border = BORDER
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ws.row_dimensions[nut_row].height = 26
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seen = {}
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for day_menu in week:
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for d in day_menu['meats'] + day_menu['vegs']:
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seen.setdefault(d['id'], d)
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dishes_detail = list(seen.values())
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if dishes_detail:
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detail_start = nut_row + 2
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ws.merge_cells(start_row=detail_start, start_column=start_col, end_row=detail_start, end_column=start_col + n_cols - 1)
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dc = ws.cell(row=detail_start, column=start_col, value='本周菜品营养分析（每份）')
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dc.font = Font(size=13, bold=True)
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dc.alignment = CENTER
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dc.fill = COLOR_HEADER
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for col in range(off + 1, off + n_cols + 1):
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ws.cell(row=detail_start, column=col).border = BORDER
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ws.row_dimensions[detail_start].height = 28
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detail_headers = ['菜品', '类型', '蛋白质(g)', '脂肪(g)', '热量(kcal)']
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for col, name in enumerate(detail_headers, start=1):
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c = ws.cell(row=detail_start + 1, column=col + off, value=name)
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c.font = Font(bold=True)
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c.alignment = CENTER
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c.border = BORDER
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c.fill = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='D9E2F3')
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ws.row_dimensions[detail_start + 1].height = 22
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type_map = {'meat': '荤菜', 'veg': '素菜'}
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for i, d in enumerate(dishes_detail, start=detail_start + 2):
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row_vals = [d['name'], type_map.get(d.get('dish_type', ''), d.get('dish_type', '')),
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d['protein'], d['fat'], d['calorie']]
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for col, val in enumerate(row_vals, start=1):
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c = ws.cell(row=i, column=col + off, value=val)
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c.alignment = CENTER
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c.border = BORDER
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if col == 3 or col == 4:
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c.number_format = '0.0'
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if d.get('dish_type') == 'meat':
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for col in range(off + 1, off + n_cols + 1):
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ws.cell(row=i, column=col).fill = COLOR_MEAT
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else:
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for col in range(off + 1, off + n_cols + 1):
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ws.cell(row=i, column=col).fill = COLOR_VEG
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ws.row_dimensions[i].height = 20
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total_row = detail_start + 2 + len(dishes_detail)
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ws.merge_cells(start_row=total_row, start_column=start_col, end_row=total_row, end_column=start_col + n_cols - 1)
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tc = ws.cell(row=total_row, column=start_col, value=nutrition)
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tc.font = Font(bold=True, size=11)
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tc.alignment = CENTER
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tc.fill = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='FFF2CC')
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for col in range(off + 1, off + n_cols + 1):
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ws.cell(row=total_row, column=col).border = BORDER
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ws.row_dimensions[total_row].height = 24
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|
||||
widths = {1: 10, 2: 16, 3: 34, 4: 34, 5: 28}
|
||||
for i in range(n_cols):
|
||||
ws.column_dimensions[get_column_letter(start_col + i)].width = widths[i + 1]
|
||||
|
||||
return total_row if dishes_detail else nut_row
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@api_view(['POST'])
|
||||
def export_excel(request):
|
||||
wb = Workbook()
|
||||
ws = wb.active
|
||||
ws.title = '周菜单'
|
||||
|
||||
menus = request.data.get('menus')
|
||||
last_row = 0
|
||||
if menus and isinstance(menus, list):
|
||||
labels = {m.get('label', ''): m for m in menus}
|
||||
a = labels.get('营养A菜单') or labels.get('A')
|
||||
b = labels.get('营养B菜单') or labels.get('B')
|
||||
if a and a.get('week'):
|
||||
last_row = max(last_row, build_week_sheet(ws, a['week'], a.get('title', '营养A菜单'), start_col=1))
|
||||
if b and b.get('week'):
|
||||
last_row = max(last_row, build_week_sheet(ws, b['week'], b.get('title', '营养B菜单'), start_col=7))
|
||||
else:
|
||||
week = request.data.get('week')
|
||||
if not week:
|
||||
return Response({'detail': '缺少 week 数据'}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
|
||||
title = request.data.get('title') or build_menu_title('A')
|
||||
last_row = build_week_sheet(ws, week, title, start_col=1)
|
||||
|
||||
ws.freeze_panes = 'B3'
|
||||
ws.print_area = f'A1:K{last_row}'
|
||||
|
||||
response = HttpResponse(
|
||||
content_type='application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'
|
||||
)
|
||||
week_no = date.today().isocalendar().week
|
||||
response['Content-Disposition'] = f'attachment; filename="学校订餐周菜单_第{week_no}周.xlsx"'
|
||||
wb.save(response)
|
||||
return response
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user