235 lines
11 KiB
Python
235 lines
11 KiB
Python
"""按中国食物成分表校准菜品营养成分。
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原理：解析每道菜配料明细中的食材与克数，乘以对应食材营养密度（每 100g），
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再按烹饪方式（炒/红烧/油炸/蒸煮）修正油脂与糖的用量，得到更符合实际的值。
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用法：python manage.py calibrate_nutrition [--apply] [--export-seed]
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"""
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import re
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from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
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from meals.models import Dish
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# 每 100g 可食部：蛋白质g, 脂肪g, 热量kcal（参考中国食物成分表/常见值）
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NUTRITION = {
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'五花肉': (9.5, 35.0, 400), '猪五花': (9.5, 35.0, 400),
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'梅花肉': (20.0, 8.0, 150), '里脊肉': (20.3, 6.2, 143), '瘦肉': (20.3, 6.2, 143),
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'肉丝': (20.0, 7.0, 150), '肉片': (20.0, 8.0, 155), '肉糜': (18.0, 12.0, 180),
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'肉馅': (18.0, 12.0, 180), '肉末': (18.0, 12.0, 180),
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'猪大排': (12.6, 12.6, 168), '大排': (12.6, 12.6, 168),
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'肋排': (12.8, 14.3, 185), '排骨': (12.8, 14.3, 185), '小排': (12.8, 14.3, 185),
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'汤骨': (15.0, 15.0, 220), '牛腩': (20.0, 8.0, 150), '牛肉': (20.2, 4.2, 125),
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'羊肉': (19.0, 14.1, 203), '鸡胸': (24.0, 1.5, 118), '鸡丁': (19.0, 6.0, 140),
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'鸡块': (19.0, 8.0, 150), '鸡肉': (19.3, 9.4, 167), '鸡腿': (14.0, 9.0, 150),
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'鸡翅': (17.4, 11.8, 194), '烤翅': (19.0, 16.0, 240), '鸭腿': (16.0, 18.0, 230),
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'鸭块': (15.5, 19.7, 240), '鸭肉': (15.5, 19.7, 240),
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'鱼片': (17.0, 4.0, 110), '鱼块': (16.6, 5.2, 113), '草鱼': (16.6, 5.2, 113),
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'鲈鱼': (18.6, 3.4, 105), '鲫鱼': (17.1, 2.7, 108),
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'基围虾': (18.6, 0.8, 93), '虾仁': (18.6, 0.8, 93), '虾皮': (30.7, 2.2, 153),
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'鸡蛋': (13.3, 8.8, 144), '咸蛋黄': (16.0, 30.0, 330), '皮蛋': (14.2, 10.7, 171),
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'豆腐': (8.1, 3.7, 81), '素鸡': (16.5, 12.5, 192), '烤麸': (22.5, 0.7, 121),
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'百叶结': (24.5, 9.0, 205), '油面筋': (17.1, 17.6, 244), '油方': (17.1, 17.6, 244),
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'腐竹': (44.6, 21.7, 459), '粉丝': (0.8, 0.2, 338), '花生米': (24.1, 44.4, 574),
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'花生': (24.1, 44.4, 574), '贡丸': (12.0, 12.0, 200), '红肠': (12.0, 15.0, 220),
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'烤肠': (10.0, 20.0, 230),
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'土豆': (2.0, 0.2, 77), '红薯': (1.1, 0.2, 90), '南瓜': (0.7, 0.1, 23),
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'山药': (1.9, 0.2, 57), '玉米棒': (4.0, 1.2, 112), '玉米': (4.0, 1.2, 112),
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'冬瓜': (0.4, 0.2, 12), '西葫芦': (0.8, 0.2, 19), '丝瓜': (1.0, 0.2, 20),
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'番茄': (0.9, 0.2, 20), '西红柿': (0.9, 0.2, 20), '茄子': (1.1, 0.2, 23),
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'青椒': (1.0, 0.2, 22), '辣椒': (1.3, 0.4, 32), '干辣椒': (15.0, 12.0, 212),
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'彩椒': (1.0, 0.2, 22), '大白菜': (1.5, 0.1, 17), '白菜': (1.5, 0.1, 17),
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'卷心菜': (1.5, 0.2, 22), '牛心菜': (1.5, 0.2, 22), '包菜': (1.5, 0.2, 24),
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'娃娃菜': (1.7, 0.3, 15), '青菜': (1.7, 0.3, 15), '菠菜': (2.6, 0.3, 28),
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'空心菜': (2.2, 0.3, 20), '菜心': (2.8, 0.5, 22), '生菜': (1.3, 0.3, 15),
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'杭白菜': (1.8, 0.4, 18), '茼蒿菜': (1.9, 0.3, 24), '茼蒿': (1.9, 0.3, 24),
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'莴笋': (1.0, 0.1, 15), '芦笋': (2.6, 0.2, 22), '西兰花': (4.1, 0.6, 36),
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'莲藕': (1.9, 0.2, 73), '藕片': (1.9, 0.2, 73), '藕丁': (1.9, 0.2, 73),
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'茭白': (1.2, 0.2, 26), '蚕豆': (8.8, 0.4, 104), '荷兰豆': (2.5, 0.3, 30),
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'四季豆': (2.0, 0.4, 31), '豆芽': (2.1, 0.1, 18), '香菇': (2.2, 0.3, 26),
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'菌菇': (2.5, 0.3, 25), '木耳': (1.5, 0.2, 27), '紫菜': (26.7, 1.1, 250),
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'海带': (1.2, 0.1, 13), '黄瓜': (0.8, 0.2, 16), '洋葱': (1.1, 0.2, 40),
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'大葱': (1.7, 0.3, 30), '韭菜': (2.4, 0.4, 26), '胡萝卜': (1.0, 0.2, 39),
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'马蹄': (1.2, 0.2, 61), '荸荠': (1.2, 0.2, 61), '酸菜': (1.2, 0.2, 18),
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'蒜苗': (2.1, 0.4, 37), '豆豉': (24.0, 8.0, 220), '葱油': (0.0, 100.0, 900),
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'笋丝': (2.6, 0.2, 25), '笋': (2.6, 0.2, 25), '芹菜': (1.2, 0.2, 22),
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'红枣': (3.2, 0.5, 276), '剁椒': (2.0, 1.0, 40), '荸荠': (1.2, 0.2, 61),
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'米饭': (2.6, 0.3, 116), '黑米饭': (3.2, 0.6, 122), '麦片饭': (4.0, 1.2, 130),
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'杂粮饭': (3.5, 0.8, 125), '炒面': (4.5, 6.5, 175), '豆沙包': (8.5, 3.0, 220),
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'奶黄包': (7.0, 4.0, 200), '小笼包': (9.0, 5.0, 220), '花卷': (7.0, 1.0, 220),
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'馒头': (7.0, 1.0, 220),
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}
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# 非克单位 → 每单位可食部克数
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UNIT_GRAMS = {
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'只': {'鸡翅': 30, '烤翅': 35, '鸡蛋': 50, '蛋': 50, '基围虾': 10, '虾': 10,
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'鸡腿': 100, '鸭腿': 100, '油面筋': 20, '油方': 20, '小笼包': 25},
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'根': {'烤肠': 50, '火腿肠': 50},
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'块': {'大排': 70, '排骨': 100, '鱼块': 100, '鸡块': 35, '素鸡': 50, '豆腐': 100},
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}
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UNIT_DEFAULT = {'只': 30, '根': 50, '块': 80}
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# 烹饪方式修正（额外油/糖，每份）：加 蛋白质g、脂肪g、热量kcal
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COOK_OIL = [
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(('油炸', '炸'), (0.0, 12.0, 108.0)),
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(('地三鲜', '水煮', '回锅'), (0.0, 8.0, 72.0)),
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(('红烧', '糖醋', '蜜汁', '拔丝', '可乐', '鱼香', '酱爆', '酱鸭', '东坡', '焖', '油焖'), (0.0, 5.0, 80.0)),
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(('炒', '爆', '干煸', '蒜香', '烤', '焗'), (0.0, 5.0, 45.0)),
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(('蒸', '炖', '煮', '白灼', '凉拌', '汤', '清炒', '蒜蓉'), (0.0, 2.0, 18.0)),
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(('糖拌',), (0.0, 0.0, 45.0)),
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(('塞肉',), (4.5, 3.0, 45.0)),
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]
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# 类型合理范围 clamp：(protein, fat, kcal)
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CLAMP = {
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'meat': ((4.0, 20.0), (2.0, 28.0), (90.0, 340.0)),
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'veg': ((1.0, 10.0), (0.5, 12.0), (35.0, 170.0)),
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'soup': ((1.5, 7.0), (1.0, 7.0), (30.0, 100.0)),
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'staple': ((2.0, 9.0), (0.5, 10.0), (70.0, 320.0)),
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}
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def _parse_items(text):
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"""解析 '食材12g食材34g' / '食材2只' → [(食材名, 克数)]"""
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items = []
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for m in re.finditer(r'([\u4e00-\u9fa5]{1,10}?)(\d+\.?\d*)g', text):
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items.append((m.group(1), float(m.group(2))))
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for m in re.finditer(r'([\u4e00-\u9fa5]{1,10}?)(\d+)(?:-(\d+))?(只|根|块)', text):
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name, unit = m.group(1), m.group(4)
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n = int(m.group(3) or m.group(2))
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grams = UNIT_GRAMS.get(unit, {}).get(name)
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if grams is None:
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grams = next((v for k, v in UNIT_GRAMS.get(unit, {}).items() if k in name), UNIT_DEFAULT[unit])
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items.append((name, grams * n))
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return items
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def _food_nutrition(name):
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for key in sorted(NUTRITION, key=len, reverse=True):
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if key in name:
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return NUTRITION[key]
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return None
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def _cook_fix(name):
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for keywords, fix in COOK_OIL:
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for k in keywords:
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if k in name:
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return fix
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return (0.0, 3.0, 27.0)
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def _calc(name, dish_type, text):
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items = _parse_items(text)
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protein = fat = kcal = 0.0
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matched = 0
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for food, grams in items:
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n = _food_nutrition(food)
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if n:
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matched += 1
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p, f, k = n
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protein += p * grams / 100
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fat += f * grams / 100
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kcal += k * grams / 100
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if not matched:
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return None
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if dish_type != 'staple':
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fix = _cook_fix(name)
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fat += fix[1]
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kcal += fix[2]
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(p_min, p_max), (f_min, f_max), (k_min, k_max) = CLAMP[dish_type]
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protein = min(max(protein, p_min), p_max)
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fat = min(max(fat, f_min), f_max)
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kcal = min(max(round(kcal), int(k_min)), int(k_max))
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return round(protein, 1), round(fat, 1), int(kcal)
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class Command(BaseCommand):
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help = '按食物成分表校准菜品营养成分（--apply 写入数据库，--export-seed 重新生成 seed_dishes.py）'
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def add_arguments(self, parser):
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parser.add_argument('--apply', action='store_true', help='写入数据库（默认仅预览）')
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parser.add_argument('--export-seed', action='store_true', help='重新生成 seed_dishes.py')
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def handle(self, *args, **options):
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apply_changes = options['apply']
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updated, unchanged, skipped = [], [], []
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rows = []
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for dish in Dish.objects.filter(is_active=True).order_by('dish_type', 'cuisine', 'id'):
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result = _calc(dish.name, dish.dish_type, dish.ingredient_detail or '')
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if result is None:
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skipped.append(dish.name)
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continue
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p, f, k = result
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old = (float(dish.protein), float(dish.fat), int(dish.calorie))
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rows.append((dish, old, result))
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if abs(old[0] - p) < 0.05 and abs(old[1] - f) < 0.05 and old[2] == k:
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unchanged.append(dish.name)
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continue
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updated.append(dish.name)
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self.stdout.write(
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f'{dish.name}: 蛋白 {old[0]}→{p} | 脂肪 {old[1]}→{f} | 热量 {old[2]}→{k}'
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)
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self.stdout.write(self.style.WARNING(f'\n将更新 {len(updated)} 道，不变 {len(unchanged)} 道，无法解析 {len(skipped)} 道'))
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if skipped:
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self.stdout.write('无法解析（保留原值）: ' + '、'.join(skipped))
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if apply_changes:
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for dish, _, (p, f, k) in rows:
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dish.protein, dish.fat, dish.calorie = p, f, k
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dish.save(update_fields=['protein', 'fat', 'calorie'])
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self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS('已写入数据库'))
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if options['export_seed']:
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self._export_seed(rows, skipped)
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def _export_seed(self, rows, skipped):
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path = __file__.replace('calibrate_nutrition.py', 'seed_dishes.py')
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grouped = {}
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for dish, _, (p, f, k) in rows:
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grouped.setdefault(dish.dish_type, []).append(dish)
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lines = []
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lines.append('from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand')
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lines.append('')
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lines.append('from meals.models import Dish')
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lines.append('')
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lines.append('# (菜名, 菜系, 配料明细, 蛋白质g, 脂肪g, 热量kcal)')
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lines.append('SAMPLE_DISHES = {')
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for t in ('meat', 'veg', 'soup', 'staple'):
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dishes = [d for d in grouped.get(t, []) if d.name not in skipped]
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lines.append(f" '{t}': [")
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for d in dishes:
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lines.append(
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f" ('{d.name}', '{d.cuisine}', '{d.ingredient_detail}', {d.protein}, {d.fat}, {d.calorie}),"
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)
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lines.append(' ],')
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lines.append('}')
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tail = '''
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class Command(BaseCommand):
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help = '写入示例菜品数据（含菜系）'
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def handle(self, *args, **options):
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count = 0
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for dish_type, items in SAMPLE_DISHES.items():
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for name, cuisine, ingredient, protein, fat, calorie in items:
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_, created = Dish.objects.update_or_create(
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name=name,
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defaults={
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'dish_type': dish_type,
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'cuisine': cuisine,
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'ingredient_detail': ingredient,
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'protein': protein,
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'fat': fat,
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'calorie': calorie,
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},
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)
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if created:
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count += 1
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self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'示例菜品已就绪（新增 {count} 道，库中共 {Dish.objects.count()} 道）'))
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'''
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with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
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f.write('\n'.join(lines) + tail)
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self.stdout.write(self.style.SUCCESS(f'seed_dishes.py 已重新生成：{path}'))
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